Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Architectural Design: Global Trends, Gaps, and Future Directions
Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Architectural Design (AI4SAD) has emerged as a transformative force addressing global pressures such as resource depletion, climate vulnerabilities, and widening urban health disparities. As architecture shifts from experience-based to intelligence-driven methods, AI provides a powerful pathway toward evidence-based, optimized, and environmentally conscious design. This study synthesizes insights from 408 global publications to examine how AI contributes to sustainability goals across different stages of architectural design, revealing both the potential and challenges associated with its adoption. Global Spatiotemporal Landscape of AI4SAD A systematic review of existing literature highlights a rapidly expanding global research footprint, with notable growth over the past decade. The distribution of studies demonstrates significant geographical clustering, where technologically advanced regions contribute heavily to algorithmic development, whil...