Psychological Influence of Architectural Geometry on User Perception and Emotional Response
Architecture merges science, art, technology, and psychology to shape environments that influence human comfort and emotional well-being. The study investigates how building forms—particularly curved and angular geometries—affect users’ psychological responses and spatial preferences. By examining perception, emotional engagement, and context-based appeal, the research seeks to understand how architectural form can enhance user experience and inform evidence-based design strategies.
Theoretical Foundation: Environmental Psychology and Form Perception
Environmental psychology provides insights into how individuals emotionally and cognitively respond to spatial environments. Curved architectural forms often evoke feelings of comfort, softness, and safety, while angular designs may convey strength, modernity, or tension. Understanding these psychological associations helps architects design spaces that align with intended emotional outcomes and social purposes.
Curved Geometry and Emotional Engagement
Curved geometries are often perceived as more organic, harmonious, and inviting. Their smooth transitions and continuity can reduce psychological stress and enhance aesthetic pleasure. This section explores how curves in architecture can stimulate emotional engagement, particularly in social and public environments such as hotels, cafés, and theaters.
Angular Forms and Functional Expression
Angular forms, with their sharp lines and defined edges, communicate precision, control, and innovation. Although sometimes perceived as rigid, they are preferred in contexts where clarity, order, or monumentality is desired, such as museums and villas. The study emphasizes that angularity serves a functional and cultural purpose in reinforcing identity and formality within architectural design.
Methodology and Data Interpretation
The study utilized a visual questionnaire administered to 35 university participants in Iran, with 30 valid responses analyzed. Approximately 69% of respondents preferred curved forms, particularly for communal spaces, while others favored angular geometries based on contextual relevance. The data analysis reveals that personal experience, cultural background, and function strongly shape aesthetic and emotional preferences.
Design Implications and Future Research
Findings underscore the importance of integrating psychological understanding into architectural form-making. Curved and angular geometries each carry distinct emotional and functional meanings that can influence user satisfaction. Future research should explore these dynamics across different cultures, building typologies, and sensory dimensions, enabling architects to design more emotionally resonant and context-sensitive environments.
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