Smart Hybridization of Solar-Gas Turbine Systems for Decarbonization in the MENA Region

The integration of renewable and conventional energy technologies has become essential for achieving sustainable power generation. Hybrid solar-gas turbine systems are emerging as a promising solution to enhance energy efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and optimize resource utilization. This study explores the redesign of an existing gas power plant in the MENA region through the incorporation of a heliostat field and central air receiver, highlighting its potential as a pathway for low-carbon energy transition.

Hybrid Solar-Gas Turbine Concept

The hybridization of solar and gas turbine technologies leverages the high efficiency of gas-based systems with the sustainability of solar energy. In this research, a heliostat field is deployed to capture solar radiation, directing it to a central receiver to preheat the working fluid before entering the turbine. This integration reduces dependency on fossil fuels while maintaining the reliability and flexibility of conventional power generation.

Optimization Challenges and Methods

Designing hybrid systems requires careful consideration of multiple objectives, including efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. To address these challenges, a tri-objective optimization framework was applied, employing advanced algorithms such as the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) and the Multi-Objective Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (MOGOA). These methods ensured accurate parameter adjustments, enabling the identification of efficient operating conditions.

Decision-Making Framework

Beyond technical optimization, decision-making plays a critical role in selecting the most suitable system configuration. This study applied a hybrid Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) combined with the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This approach allowed researchers to evaluate trade-offs across multiple design scenarios and prioritize solutions aligned with sustainability, cost, and performance goals.

Case Study Results in the MENA Region

The optimized hybrid system demonstrated significant benefits, including an efficient heliostat field footprint, competitive levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), reduced natural gas consumption, and lower CO₂ emissions. These results highlight the system’s potential to support decarbonization strategies in regions heavily reliant on fossil fuels. By providing a practical case study, this research demonstrates the viability of solar-gas hybrid systems in the energy transition agenda of MENA countries.

Implications for Sustainable Energy Transition

The findings of this study emphasize the importance of hybridization as a pathway toward sustainable power generation. By combining advanced optimization, decision-making strategies, and practical design applications, the hybrid solar-gas turbine system provides a scalable solution for the ongoing energy transition. It sets an example for integrating renewable energy into existing infrastructures, offering a roadmap for policymakers and energy planners to achieve decarbonization targets effectively.

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